Alloy 20 / 020，Incoloy 020 ，,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs: WS 2.4660

**Product Name:** Alloy 20 / Incoloy® 020 | UNS N08020 **Material Type:** Nickel-Iron-Chromium Austenitic Stainless Steel **Standard:** ASTM B463, B464, B462, B473 | ASME SB463, SB464, SB462 --- ### **Overview** Alloy 20, commercially known as **Incoloy® 020**, is a nickel-iron-chromium austenitic stainless steel specifically developed for superior resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion. This alloy combines excellent general corrosion resistance with good mechanical properties and fabrication characteristics, making it ideal for chemical processing, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where conventional stainless steels fail. --- ### **Key Advantages** - **Exceptional Sulfuric Acid Resistance:** Optimized performance across all sulfuric acid concentrations and temperatures - **Superior Chloride Resistance:** Excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking in chloride environments - **Enhanced Mechanical Properties:** Balanced combination of strength and ductility - **Excellent Fabricability:** Good weldability and formability using standard methods - **Stabilized Chemistry:** Niobium addition prevents sensitization during welding - **Proven Reliability:** Decades of successful performance in aggressive environments --- ### **Chemical Composition (Typical Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Element | Content (%) | |---------|-------------|---------|-------------| | Nickel (Ni) | 32.0-38.0 | Chromium (Cr) | 19.0-21.0 | | Iron (Fe) | Balance | Molybdenum (Mo) | 2.0-3.0 | | Copper (Cu) | 3.0-4.0 | Manganese (Mn) | ≤2.0 | | Silicon (Si) | ≤1.0 | Carbon (C) | ≤0.07 | | Niobium (Nb) | 8×C-1.0 | Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.045 | | Sulfur (S) | ≤0.035 | | | --- ### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** #### **Physical Properties** - **Density:** 8.08 g/cm³ (0.292 lb/in³) - **Melting Range:** 1440-1500°C (2620-2730°F) - **Thermal Expansion Coefficient:** 15.9 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 186 GPa (27 × 10⁶ psi) - **Thermal Conductivity:** 12.9 W/m·K at 100°C - **Electrical Resistivity:** 0.90 μΩ·m at 20°C #### **Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** | Property | Typical Value | |----------|---------------| | Tensile Strength | 620-690 MPa (90-100 ksi) | | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | 300-415 MPa (44-60 ksi) | | Elongation | 30-50% | | Hardness | 150-190 HB | | Reduction of Area | 50-70% | --- ### **International Standards & Certifications** - **UNS:** N08020 - **ASTM/ASME:** B463/SB463, B464/SB464, B462/SB462 - **EN:** 10088-3 (Material No. 2.4660) - **ISO:** 15156-3 (NACE MR0175) - **Certifications:** NACE MR0175, PED 2014/68/EU, ASME B31.3 --- ### **Applications** #### **Chemical Processing Industry** - Sulfuric acid pickling tanks and heating coils - Chemical reactors and process vessels - Heat exchangers and condensers - Storage tanks for corrosive chemicals - Process piping systems and valves #### **Pharmaceutical Industry** - Reactor vessels and mixing equipment - Process piping for acid-based reactions - High-purity chemical handling systems - CIP (Clean-in-Place) systems - Pharmaceutical intermediate processing #### **Food Processing** - Vinegar production equipment - Acid food processing machinery - Pickle processing systems - Food grade acid storage and handling #### **Industrial Applications** - Pollution control equipment - Waste treatment plant components - Industrial heating systems - Process cooling systems - Marine and offshore components --- ### **Corrosion Resistance** #### **Chemical Resistance Profile** - **Excellent Resistance:** Sulfuric acid (all concentrations to 95°C) - **Good Resistance:** Phosphoric acid, nitric acid, organic acids - **Chloride Resistance:** Superior to Type 316 and 317 stainless steels - **Stress Corrosion Cracking:** Excellent resistance in chloride environments #### **Special Features** - Copper content enhances sulfuric acid resistance - Niobium stabilization prevents intergranular corrosion - Balanced composition for wide pH range coverage - Consistent performance across all product forms --- ### **Fabrication Characteristics** #### **Welding** - **Recommended Methods:** GTAW, GMAW, SMAW - **Filler Metals:** Alloy 20, ERNiCrFe-11, ENiCrFe-2 - **Preheat:** Not required - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment:** Generally not necessary #### **Machining** - **Machinability:** 40-50% of B1112 steel - **Tooling:** Positive rake angles recommended - **Coolant:** Essential for optimal tool life - **Speeds:** Moderate speeds with good feed rates #### **Forming** - **Cold Working:** Excellent capabilities - **Hot Working:** 1050-1200°C (1920-2190°F) - **Annealing:** 925-1010°C (1700-1850°F) followed by rapid cooling --- ### **Product Forms Available** - Plate, Sheet, and Strip - Bar and Wire - Pipe and Tubing - Fittings and Flanges - Forgings and Castings - Fasteners and Special Components --- ### **Quality Assurance** #### **Testing & Certification** - Chemical analysis certification - Mechanical property testing - Corrosion testing per ASTM A262 - Non-destructive examination - Full material traceability #### **Quality Standards** - Mill test certificates to EN 10204 3.1/3.2 - NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 compliance - PED certification for pressure equipment - ISO 9001 Quality Management --- ### **Design Allowable Stresses** | Temperature (°C) | Maximum Allowable Stress (MPa) | |------------------|-------------------------------| | -29 to 38 | 138 | | 100 | 138 | | 150 | 128 | | 200 | 119 | | 250 | 111 | --- ### **Conclusion** Alloy 20/Incoloy® 020 represents a superior choice for applications involving sulfuric acid and other aggressive chemical environments. Its unique combination of nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and copper, stabilized with niobium, provides exceptional corrosion resistance while maintaining good mechanical properties and fabricability. This alloy continues to be the material of choice for critical chemical processing equipment worldwide, offering reliable performance and long service life in demanding applications across multiple industries. --- *Incoloy® is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation. All technical data are typical values and should be verified for specific applications. Consult manufacturer's specifications for project-specific requirements and applicable codes and standards.*

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2677 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.