Invar 36,Nilo 36 Rod,UNS K93601,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs: ASTM F1684 MIL-S-16598 Tooling plate ASTM B388 Sheet & strip ASTM B753 K93050 Free-cut Invar，German Specs:WS 1.3912

### **Invar 36 / Nilo 36 Rod (UNS K93601) - Product Introduction** #### **Overview** **Invar 36**, commercially known as **Nilo 36 Rod** (UNS K93601), represents the rod and bar form of the classic 36% nickel-iron low expansion alloy. This product form provides engineers and manufacturers with stock material for machining precision components that require exceptional dimensional stability across temperature variations. The rod product is particularly valuable for creating shafts, fasteners, and structural elements where thermal growth must be minimized. #### **Key Characteristics of Nilo 36 Rod** * **Ultra-Low Thermal Expansion:** CTE typically **1.6 × 10⁻⁶/°C** (20-100°C) * **Excellent Machinability:** Good chip formation characteristics in various tempers * **Consistent Properties:** Uniform mechanical and physical properties throughout cross-sections * **Dimensional Stability:** Maintains precise dimensions under thermal cycling conditions * **Available in Multiple Conditions:** Hot finished, cold drawn, centerless ground, and turned --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** | Element | Content (%) | | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 35.0 - 37.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.10 max | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.50 max | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.30 max | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.025 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025 max | | **Cobalt (Co)** | 0.50 max | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.25 max | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 0.10 max | --- #### **2. Physical Properties** | Property | Value / Description | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.13 g/cm³ (0.294 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1425°C (2600°F) | | **Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | **1.6 × 10⁻⁶/°C** (20-100°C)
2.4 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-300°C) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 10.5 W/m·K (at 20°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 515 J/kg·K (at 20°C) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.75 μΩ·m | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 145 GPa (21 × 10⁶ psi) | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic below 230°C (446°F) | --- #### **3. Mechanical Properties** | Condition | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%) | Elongation | Hardness | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Hot Finished** | 450-550 MPa | 250-350 MPa | 30-40% | 70-85 HRB | | **Cold Drawn** | 550-700 MPa | 450-600 MPa | 15-25% | 85-100 HRB | | **Annealed** | 420-500 MPa | 230-300 MPa | 35-45% | 65-80 HRB | --- #### **4. Standard Available Forms** * **Diameter Range:** 3mm to 300mm (0.125" to 12") * **Lengths:** Standard random lengths 3-4 meters, cut to size available * **Surface Finish:** Hot rolled, cold drawn, centerless ground, polished * **Tolerances:** Commercial, precision, and special tolerances available --- #### **5. Product Applications** **Precision Instrumentation:** * **Measuring Instrument Components:** Precision shafts and spindles * **Optical Mounting Systems:** Lens barrels and optical benches * **Scientific Equipment:** Laboratory instrument frames and supports * **Metrology Standards:** Reference bars and gauge blocks **Aerospace & Defense:** * **Satellite Components:** Structural members and mounting struts * **Avionics Mounts:** Precision supports for guidance systems * **Telescope Structures:** Alignment rods and structural elements * **Radar System Components:** Waveguide supports and mounts **Electronics Manufacturing:** * **Semiconductor Tooling:** Wafer handling components * **Vacuum Chamber Hardware:** Support rods and structural elements * **LCD Manufacturing:** Precision pins and guides * **Assembly Fixtures:** Jigs and fixtures for electronic assembly **Industrial Applications:** * **Mold Components:** Ejector pins and core pins * **Laser System Components:** Mounting rods and structural elements * **Cryogenic Equipment:** Support rods and structural members * **Quality Control:** Reference standards and calibration fixtures --- #### **6. International Standards** | Standard Body | Standard Designation | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **UNS** | **K93601** | Unified Numbering System | | **ASTM** | **ASTM F1684** | Standard Specification for Rod and Bar | | **AMS** | **AMS 7725** | Aerospace Material Specification | | **EN** | **EN 1.3912** | European Standard | | **DIN** | **DIN 1.3912** | German Standard | | **JIS** | **JIS NCF 2** | Japanese Industrial Standard | | **GB** | **GB 4J36** | Chinese National Standard | --- #### **7. Machining & Fabrication Guidelines** **Turning Operations:** * **Speed:** 20-35 m/min (65-115 SFM) * **Feed:** 0.15-0.25 mm/rev (0.006-0.010 in/rev) * **Depth of Cut:** Up to 3.0 mm (0.120 in) * **Tool Geometry:** Positive rake angles recommended **Drilling Operations:** * **Speed:** 10-15 m/min (30-50 SFM) * **Feed:** 0.08-0.15 mm/rev (0.003-0.006 in/rev) * **Peck Drilling:** Recommended for depths >3× diameter **Heat Treatment:** * **Annealing:** 830-880°C (1525-1615°F), rapid cool * **Stress Relieving:** 425-540°C (800-1000°F), 1-2 hours * **Solution Treatment:** Not typically required --- #### **Conclusion** Nilo 36 Rod (UNS K93601) provides the ideal combination of machinability and dimensional stability for precision components subjected to temperature variations. Its availability in various diameters, conditions, and surface finishes makes it suitable for everything from laboratory instruments to aerospace structures. The material's consistent performance and reliable thermal characteristics ensure that machined components will maintain their precision across operational temperature ranges. When specifying Nilo 36 Rod, selection of the appropriate condition (hot finished, cold drawn, or annealed) is crucial for optimizing both machining performance and final component properties.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2405 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.